Reports and Studies
Air, Water & Public Health Impacts
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- Water Usage for Current and Future Ethanol Production
Andy Aden, NREL
September/October 2007
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- Response to Mark Jacobson E85 Study
Renewable Energy Action Project (REAP)
April 26, 2007
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- Review of “Effects of Ethanol (E85) Versus Gasoline Vehicles on Cancer and Mortality in the United States” authored by Mark Z. Jacobson
Gary Z. Whitten, Smog Reyes
April 18, 2007
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- Regulated and Unregulated Exhaust Emissions Comparison for Three Tier II Non-Road Diesel Engines Operating on Ethanol-Diesel Blends
Southwest Research Institute for NREL
February 29, 2004
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- Air Quality and Ethanol in Gasoline
Gary Z. Whitten, Ph.D and Smog Reyes
February 4, 2004
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Ethanol Energy Life Cycle & Greenhouse Gas Issues
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- Securing Foreign Oil: A Case for Including Military Operations in the Climate Change Impact of Fuels
Adam J. Liska and Richard K. Perrin, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
July/August 2010
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- 2008 Energy Balance for the Corn-Ethanol Industry
U.S. Department of Agriculture
June 2010
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- 2008 National Dry Mill Corn Ethanol Survey
University of Illinois at Chicago - Energy Resources Center
May 4, 2010
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- Greenhouse Gas Mitigation by Agricultural Intensification
Stanford University and Carnegie Institution of Washington
May 2010
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- GHG Emission Reductions From World Biofuel Production And Use
(ST)2 Consultants
November 23, 2009
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- Anaylsis of the Proposed Rulemaking for the Expansion of the U.S. Renewable Fuels Standard
Informa Economics
September 2009
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- Review of EPA’s RFS2 Lifecycle Emissions Analysis for Corn Ethanol
Air Improvement Resource, Inc
September 22, 2009
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- What Do Biofuels Replace and Why Does it Matter?
Renewable Fuels Association
July 8, 2009
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- Biofuels and Greenhouse Gas Emissions on a Collision Course
Dr. Robert Wisner, Biofuels Economist, Iowa State University
June 2009
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- An Examination of the Potential for Improving Carbon/Energy Balance of Bioethanol
(ST)2 Consultants
February 15, 2009
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- Improvements in Life Cycle Energy Efficiency & Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Corn-Ethanol
University of Nebraska - Lincoln
January 22, 2009
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- Environmental Resource Indicators for Measuring Outcomes of On-Farm Agricultural Production in the United States
Field to Market: The Keystone Alliance for Sustainable Agriculture
January 2009
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- U.S. Ethanol Industry Efficiency Improvements, 2004 through 2007
John O. Christianson, CPA
August 5, 2008
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- Analysis of the Efficiency of the U.S. Ethanol Industry 2007
Argonne National Laboratory
April 21, 2008
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- Life-Cycle Energy and Greenhouse Gas Emission Impacts of Different Corn Ethanol Plant Types
Wang, Wu & Huo, Argonne National Laboratory
May 22, 2007
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- Ethanol: Energy Well Spent
A Survey of Studies Published Since 1990
Natural Resources Defense Council & Climate Solutions
February 7, 2006
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- Ethanol Can Contribute to Energy and Environmental Goals
U.S. Berkeley Faculty and Staff
January 26, 2006
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- Effects of Fuel Ethanol Use on Fuel-Cycle Energy and Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Argonne National Laboratory
December 31, 2005
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- Ethanol: The Complete Energy Lifecycle Picture
U.S. Dept. of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy
December 1, 2005
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- Fuel-Cycle Fossil Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Fuel Ethanol Produced from U.S. Midwest Corn
Argonne National Laboratory
November 30, 2005
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- The 2001 Net Energy Balance of Corn-Ethanol
U.S. Dept. of Agriculture and Argonne National Lab
May 31, 2004
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Land Use Change
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- Effect of Recent Expert Working Group Recommendations on California Low Carbon Fuels Standard (LCFS) Corn Ethanol Land Use Change Emissions Estimate
Air Improvement Resource, Inc.
October 29, 2010
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- Biofuels Done Right: Land Efficient Animal Feeds Enable Large Environmental and Energy Benefits
Bruce Dale et. al, Michigan State University
October 7, 2010
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- A Comparison of Corn Ethanol Lifecycle Analyses: California Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) Versus Renewable Fuels Standard (RFS2)
Air Improvement Resource, Inc.
June 15, 2010
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- Analysis of NWF Pairie Pothole Region Paper
Renewable Fuels Association
January 19, 2010
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- A Scientific Assessment of the Role of Distiller’s Grains (DGS) and Predictions of the Impact of Corn Co-Products Produced by Front-End Fractionation and Back-End Oil Extraction Technologies on Indirect Land Use Change
Dr. Jerry Shurson, Professor, Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota
September 10, 2009
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- Accounting for Differences in the Timing of Emissions in Calculating Carbon Intensity for the California Low Carbon Fuels Standard
NERA Economic Consulting
April 2009
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- Calculating Carbon Intensity: Implications of Projection Horizon and Future Land Use
NERA Economic Consulting
April 30, 2009
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- Biofuels and indirect land use change effects: the debate continues
Matthews, John and Hao Tan - Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
April 14, 2009
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- Analysis of "Biofuels: Environmental Consequences & Interactions with Changing Land Use"
Renewable Fuels Association
April 2, 2009
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- Analysis of Current Feeding Practices of Distiller's Grains with Solubles in Livestock and Poultry Feed Relative to Land Use Credits Associated with Determining the Low Carbon Fuels Standard for Ethanol
Dr. Jerry Shurson, University of Minnesota
March 25, 2009
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- Indirect Land Use Emissions in the Lifecyle of Biofuels: Regulations vs. Science
Adam J Liska and Richard K Perrin, University of Nebraska, Lincoln
March 19, 2009
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- Land Use Effects of U.S. Corn-Based Ethanol
Tom Darlington, AIR, Inc
February 24, 2009
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- An Examination of the Potential for Improving Carbon/Energy Balance of Bioethanol
(ST)2 Consultants
February 15, 2009
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- Biofuels, Land Use Change, and Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Some Unexplored Variables
Hyungtae Kim, Seungdo Kim, and Bruce Dale, Michigan State University
January 28, 2009
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- Understanding Land Use Change and U.S. Ethanol Expansion
Renewable Fuels Association
November 2008
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- Letter to Scienceexpress in Response to Searchinger Article
Argonne National Laboratory and U.S. DOE
February 7, 2008
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Renewable Fuels Standard 2
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- Renewable Fuel Standard Waiver Options During the Drought of 2012
FAPRI-MU
October 2012
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- Impact of Waiving the Renewable Fule Standard (RFS) on Total Net Feed Costs
Cardno ENTRIX
September 2012
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- Impacts of Waving the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) on Household Spending on Food and Fuel
Renewable Fuels Association
August 28, 2012
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- Flexible-Fuel Vehicle and Refueling Infrastructure Requirements Associated with RFS2 Implementation
Air Improvement Resource, Inc.
March 2011
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- USDA Regional Roadmap to Meeting Biofuels Goals of RFS2 by 2022
United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)
June 23, 2010
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- Benefits of an Enhanced RFS2 in the Midwestern States
Air Improvement Resource, Inc.
June 18, 2010
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- RFS2 Final Rule Lifecycle GHG Analysis "By the Numbers"
Renewable Fuels Association
February 3, 2010
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Food vs. Fuel
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- Impacts of Ethanol Co-Products on 2011/12 Corn and Soybean Supplies and Acreage
Renewable Fuels Association
December 2012
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- Speculation and the Commodity Markets
Cardno ENTRIX
October 2011
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- Analysis of Corn, Commodity, and Consumer Food Prices
Informa Economics
July 7, 2011
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- Why Have Food Commodity Prices Risen Again?
U.S. Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service
June 2011
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- Market Issues and Prospects for U.S. Distillers' Grains
U.S. Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service
December 2010
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- Ethanol and the 2010 Corn Crop
Renewable Fuels Association
October 14, 2010
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Why Aren't Food Companies Reducing Prices?
Renewable Fuels Association
November 20, 2008
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- Will the Plunge in Grain Prices Mean Lower Food Prices at the Supermarket?
Renewable Fuels Association
October 15, 2008
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- Feeding the Future: The Role of the U.S. Ethanol Industry in Food and Feed Production
Renewable Fuels Association
September 2008
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- What's Driving Food Prices?
Tyner et al., Farm Foundation
July 2008
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- USDA/DOE Response to Sen. Bingaman Inquiry
USDA/DOE Economists
June 1, 2008
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- Rising Food Prices and Global Food Needs: The U.S. Response
Charles Hanrahan, Congressional Research Service
May 8, 2008
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- The Effects of Ethanol on Texas Food & Feed
Anderson et al., Texas A&M
April 10, 2008
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- Ethanol and Food Prices - Preliminary Assessment
Richard Perrin, University of Nebraska
April 2008
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- What is Driving Food Price Inflation?
Jason Henderson, K.C. Federal Reserve Bank
April 2008
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- Corn Prices Near Record High, But What About Food Costs?
Ephraim Leibtag, USDA Economic Research Service
February 2008
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- Analysis of Potential Causes of Consumer Food Price Inflation
Informa Economics
November 2007
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- Ethanol, Barley and Beer
John Urbanchuk, LECG LLC
July 2007
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- The Relative Impact of Corn and Energy Prices in the Grocery Aisle
John Urbanchuk, LECG LLC
June 14, 2007
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- Have Higher Corn Prices Really Driven Consumer Food Prices Higher in the Last Six Months?
National Corn Growers Association
April 26, 2007
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Ethanol Market & Infrastructure Issues
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- The Potential Role for Corn Ethanol in Meeting the Energy Needs of the U.S. in 2016-2030
Ross Korves, ProExporter Network
October 2008
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- Ethanol Market Outlook for California
California Energy Commission
November 2005
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- 2002 Ethanol Cost-of-Production Survey
U.S. Department of Agriculture
July 2005
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- Bringing Biofuels to the Pump: An Agressive Plan for Ending America's Oil Dependence
Natural Resources Defense Council
July 2005
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- Biomass as Feedstock for a Bioenergy and Bioproducts Industry: The Technical Feasibility of a Billion-Ton Annual Supply
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
April 2005
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- Ethanol from Biomass: America's 21st Century Transportation Fuel
Governors' Ethanol Coalition
April 2005
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Economic Impacts
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- Contribution of the Ethanol Industry to the Economy of the United States
Cardno ENTRIX
January 31, 2013
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- U.S. Ethanol Industry Total Jobs Supported by State
Cardno ENTRIX
February 2013
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- Ethanol Jobs Impact Infographic
Cardno ENTRIX
February 2013
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- The Impact of Ethanol Production on U.S. and Regional Gasoline Markets: An Update to 2012
Center for Agricultural and Rural Development (CARD), Iowa State University
May 2012
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- The Impact of Ethanol Production on the U.S. Gasoline Market
Marzoughi and P. Lynn Kennedy
February 2012
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- Speculation in the Oil Market
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
February 2012
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- Contribution of the Ethanol Industry to the Economy of the United States in 2011
Cardno ENTRIX
February 2012
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- The Impact of Ethanol Production on U.S. and Regional Gasoline Markets: An Update to May 2009
Center for Agricultural and Rural Development, Iowa State University
April 2011
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- Contribution of the Ethanol Industry to the Economy of the United States in 2010
John Urbanchuk, Cardno ENTRIX
February 21, 2011
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- Contribution of the Ethanol Industry to the Economy of the United States in 2009
John Urbanchuk, LECG LLC
February 12, 2010
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- Contribution of the Ethanol Industry to the Economy of the United States in 2008
John Urbanchuk, LECG LLC
February 23, 2009
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- The Impact of Ethanol Blending on U.S. Gasoline Prices
National Renewable Energy Laboratory
November, 2008
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- Big Oil, Bigger Giveaways
Friends of the Earth
July 2008
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- Biofuels Driving Global Oil Supply Growth
Francisco Blanch, Merrill Lynch
June 6, 2008
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- The Impact of Ethanol Production on U.S. and Regional Gasoline Prices and on the Profitability of the U.S. Oil Refinery Industry
Xiaodong Du and Dermot Hayes, Iowa State University
April 2008
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- Contribution of the Ethanol Industry to the Economy of the United States in 2007
John Urbanchuk, LECG, LLC
February 20, 2008
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- The Hidden Cost of Oil
Set America Free
January 2007
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- Contribution of the Ethanol Industry to the Economy of the United States in 2006
LECG, LLC
February 19, 2007
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- Contribution of the Ethanol Industry to the Economy of the United States in 2005
Includes Local Economic Impact of a 50 and 100 Million Gallon Ethanol Refinery
John Urbanchuk, LECG LLC
February 21, 2006
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- The Economic Impact of Ethanol Plants in South Dakota
Stuefen Research, LLC
December 27, 2005
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- America's Achilles Heel: The Hidden Costs of Imported Oil
Milton Copulos, National Defense Council Foundation
October 2003
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Tax Policy
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- What Would Jefferson Do? The Historical Role of Federal Subsidies in Shaping America's Energy Future
DBL Investors
September 2011
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- Importance of the VEETC to the U.S. Economy and the Ethanol Industry
John Urbanchuk, ENTRIX, Inc.
March 18, 2010
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- Economic Contribution of the Partial Exemption for Ethanol from the Federal Excise Tax on Motor Fuel
John Urbanchuk, LECG, LLC
November 18, 2008
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- Petroleum and Ethanol Fuels: Tax Incentives and Related GAO Work
U.S. Government Accounting Office
September 25, 2000
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- Oil Slickers: How Petroleum Benefits at the Taxpayer's Expense
Institute for Local Self-Reliance
July 31, 1996
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Mid-Level Blends
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- Effect of Ethanol Blending on Gasoline RVP
National Renewable Energy Laboratory
March 26, 2012
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- Effects of E15 Ethanol Blends on HC, CO, and NOx Regulated Emissions from On-Road 2001 and Later Model Year Motor Vehicles
Air Improvement Resources, Inc.
July 15, 2011
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- New Engineering Analysis Confirms E15 Safe for Use in Older Vehicles
Ricardo, Inc.
September 15, 2010
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- E12: A Pathway to Increased Ethanol Use Today
Renewable Fuels Association
November 6, 2009
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- E20: The Feasibility of 20 Percent Ethanol Blends by Volume as a Motor Fuel - Executive Summary
State of Minnesota and Renewable Fuels Association
March 5, 2008
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