Reports and Studies
Ethanol & the Environment
Lifecycle Energy & Greenhouse Gas Impacts
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- 2012 Corn Ethanol: Emerging Plant Energy and Environmental Technologies
Mueller, S., University of Illinois at Chicago & Kwik, J., Dominion Energy Services, LLC
April 29, 2013
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- Well-to-wheels energy use and greenhouse gas emissions of ethanol from corn, sugarcane and cellulosic biomass for US use
Wang, M., et al., U.S. DOE-Argonne National Laboratory
December 13, 2012
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- Comparing Scales of Environmental Effects from Gasoline and Ethanol Production
Parish, E.S. et al., U.S. DOE-Oak Ridge National Laboratory
December 2, 2012
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- Energy and greenhouse gas emission effects of corn and cellulosic ethanol with technology improvements and land use changes
Wang, M.Q., et al., U.S. DOE-Argonne National Laboratory, U.S. DOE, & Purdue University
May 2012
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- Securing Foreign Oil: A Case for Including Military Operations in the Climate Change Impact of Fuels
Liska, A.J., and Perrin, R.K., University of Nebraska at Lincoln
July/August 2010
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- Discussion Paper - A Comparison of Corn Ethanol Lifecycle Analyses: California Low Carbon Fuels Standard (LCFS) Versus Renewable Fuels Standard (RFS2)
Air Improvement Resource, Inc. (for Renewable Fuels Association & Nebraska Corn Board)
June 14, 2010
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- 2008 Energy Balance for the Corn-Ethanol Industry
U.S. Department of Agriculture-Office of the Chief Economist
June 2010
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- Detailed Report: 2008 National Dry Mill Corn Ethanol Survey
Mueller, S., University of Illinois at Chicago
May 4, 2010
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- GHG Emission Reductions From World Biofuel Production And Use
(S&T)2 Consultants Inc. (for Global Renewable Fuels Alliance)
November 23, 2009
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- What Do Biofuels Displace and Why Does it Matter?
Renewable Fuels Association
July 8, 2009
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- An Evaluation of the Extraction, Transport and Refining of Imported Crude Oils and the Impact on Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions
U.S. DOE-National Energy Technology Laboratory
March 27, 2009
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- An Examination of the Potential for Improving Carbon/Energy Balance of Bioethanol (A Report to IEA Bioenergy Task 39)
(S&T)2 Consultants Inc.
February 15, 2009
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- Assessment of Direct and Indirect GHG Emissions Associated with Petroleum Fuels
Life Cycle Associates, LLC (for New Fuels Alliance)
February 2009
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- Improvements in Life Cycle Energy Efficiency and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Corn-Ethanol
Liska, A.J., et al., University of Nebraska at Lincoln
December 2008
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- Understanding the reductions in US corn ethanol production costs: An experience curve approach
Hettinga, W.G., et al., Utrecht University, Ecofys Netherlands BV, & U.S. Department of Agriculture
September 30, 2008
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- Update of Distillers Grains Displacement Ratios for Corn Ethanol Life-Cycle Analysis
Arora, S., Wu, M., and Wang, M., U.S. DOE-Argonne National Laboratory
September 2008
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- U.S. Ethanol Industry Efficiency Improvements 2004 through 2007
Christianson, J.O., Christianson & Associates, PLLP
August 5, 2008
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- Analysis of the Efficiency of the U.S. Ethanol Industry 2007
U.S. DOE-Argonne National Laboratory (for Renewable Fuels Association)
March 27, 2008
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- Life-cycle energy and greenhouse gas emission impacts of different corn ethanol plant types
Wang, M., Wu, M., & Huo, H., U.S. DOE-Argonne National Laboratory
May 22, 2007
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- Ethanol: Energy Well Spent - A Survey of Studies Published Since 1990
Natural Resources Defense Council and Climate Solutions
February 7, 2006
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- Ethanol Can Contribute to Energy and Environmental Goals
Farrell, A.E., et al., University of California at Berkeley
January 27, 2006
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- USDA's 2002 Ethanol Cost-of-Production Survey
Shapouri, H., and Gallagher, P., USDA-Office of the Chief Economist
July 2005
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- The 2001 Net Energy Balance of Corn-Ethanol
Shapouri, H., Duffield, J., McAloon, A., & Wang, M., USDA-Office of the Chief Economist & U.S. DOE-Argonne National Laboratory
May 31, 2004
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Land Use Impacts
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- Analysing the Effect of Biofuel Expansion on Land Use in Major Producing Countries: Evidence of Increased Multiple Cropping
Langeveld, J.W.A, Dixon, J., van Keulen, H., and Quist-Wessel, P.M.F., Biomass Research, ACIAR, & Wageningen University and Research Centre (for Biomass Research)
July 2013
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- Modeling state-level soil carbon emission factors under various scenarios for direct land use change associated with United States biofuel feedstock production
Kwon, H.-Y., Mueller, S., Dunn, J.B., and Wander, M.M., University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Illinois at Chicago, and U.S. DOE-Argonne National Laboratory
March 2013
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- Land-Use Changes and CO2 Emissions Due to US Corn Ethanol Production
Tyner, W., & Taheripour, F., Purdue University
January 2013
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- An alternative approach to indirect land use change: Allocating greenhouse gas effects among different uses of land
Kim, S., Dale, B.E., & Ong, R.G., Michigan State University & U.S. DOE-Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center
November 2012
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- Baseline time accounting: Considering global land use dynamics when estimating the climate impact of indirect land use change caused by biofuels
Kløverpris, J.H., Novozymes A/S, & Mueller, S., University of Illinois at Chicago
September 11, 2012
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- Induced land use emissions due to first and second generation biofuels and uncertainty in land use emissions factors
Taheripour, F. & Tyner, W.E., Purdue University
August 12, 2012
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- Carbon Calculator for Land Use Change from Biofuels Production (CCLUB): Users' Manual and Technical Documentation
Mueller, S., Dunn, J.B., & Wang, M. Q., U.S. DOE-Argonne National Laboratory
June 11, 2012
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- Major Uses of Land in the United States, 2007
Nickerson, C., Ebel, R., Borchers, A., & Carriazo, F., USDA-Economic Research Service
December 2011
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- Assessing the Land Use Change Consequences of European Biofuel Policies, Final Report
Laborde, D., International Food Policy Institute (IFPRI)
October 2011
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- Indirect land use change for biofuels: Testing predictions and improving analytical methodologies
Kim, S., & Dale, B.E., Michigan State University
July 2011
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- Sources of corn for ethanol production in the United States: a decomposition analysis of the empirical data
Oladosu, G., Kline, K., Uria-Martinez, R., & Eaton, L., U.S. DOE-Oak Ridge National Laboratory
June 10, 2011
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- Effect of Recent Expert Working Group Recommendations on California Low Carbon Fuels Standard (LCFS) Corn Ethanol Land Use Change Emissions Estimate
Air Improvement Resource, Inc.
October 29, 2010
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- Biofuels Done Right: Land Efficient Animal Feeds Enable Large Environmental and Energy Benefits
Dale, B.E., Bals, B.D., Kim, S., & Franki, P., Michigan State University
September 14, 2010
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- Land Use Changes and Consequent CO2 Emissions due to US Corn Ethanol Production: A Comprehensive Analysis, Final Report (revised)
Tyner, W. et al., Purdue University
July 2010
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- Indirect Land Use: One Consideration Too Many in Biofuel Regulation
Zilberman, D., Hochman, G., & Rajagopal, D., University of California at Berkeley
March/April 2010
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- Review of "Corn Ethanol and Wildlife: How increases in corn plantings are affecting habitat and wildlife in the Prairie Pothole Region" (Brooke et al. for the National Wildlife Federation)
Renewable Fuels Association
January 19, 2010
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- Biofuels and their by-products: Global economic and environmental implications
Taheripour, F., et al., Purdue University
November 27, 2009
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- A Scientific Assessment of the Role of Distiller’s Grains (DGS) and Predictions of the Impact of Corn Co-Products Produced by Front-End Fractionation and Back-End Oil Extraction
Shurson, J., University of Minnesota
September 10, 2009
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- Calculating Carbon Intensity: Implications of Projection Horizon and Future Land Use
NERA Economic Consulting (for Renewable Fuels Association)
April 30, 2009
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- Biofuels and indirect land use change effects: the debate continues
Matthews, J.A., and Tan, H., Macquarie University
April 13, 2009
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- Analysis of "Biofuels: Environmental Consequences and Interactions with Changing Land Use" (Howarth et al., published by the Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment)
Renewable Fuels Association
April 2, 2009
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- Accounting for Differences in the Timing of Emissions in Calculating Carbon Intensity for the California Low Carbon Fuels Standard
NERA Economic Consulting (for Renewable Fuels Association)
April 2009
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- Analysis of Current Feeding Practices of Distiller's Grains with Solubles in Livestock and Poultry Feed Relative to Land Use Credits Associated with Determining the Low Carbon Fuel
Shurson, J., University of Minnesota
March 25, 2009
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- Indirect land use emissions in the life cycle of biofuels: regulations vs science
Liska, A.J., and Perrin, R.K., University of Nebraska at Lincoln
March 19, 2009
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- Land Use Effects of U.S. Corn-Based Ethanol
Darlington, T.L., Air Improvement Resource, Inc.
February 24, 2009
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- Biofuels, Land Use Change, and Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Some Unexplored Variables
Kim, H., Kim, S., & Dale, B.E., Phillips Academy Andover & Michigan State University
November 20, 2008
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- Understanding Land Use Change and U.S. Ethanol Expansion
Renewable Fuels Association
November 2008
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- Letter to Sciencexpress in response to "Use of U.S. Croplands for Biofuels Increases Greenhouse Gases through Emissions from Land Use Change" (Searchinger et al.)
Wang, M., U.S. DOE-Argonne National Laboratory & Haq, Z., U.S. Department of Energy
March 14, 2008
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Human Health & Air Quality
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- Public health impacts of secondary particulate formation from aromatic hydrocarbons in gasoline
von Stackelberg, K., Buonocore, J., Bhave, P.V., and Schwartz, J.A., Harvard University
February 20, 2013
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- Life Cycle Impact Assessment Framework for Characterizing Human Health Benefits and Impacts from Emerging Biofuels
Lobscheid, A.B., Energy Biosciences Institute, and McKone, T.E., U.S. DOE-Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory & University of California at Berkeley
May 5, 2009
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- Response to Mark Jacobson E85 Study
Renewable Energy Action Project (REAP)
April 26, 2007
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- Review of “Effects of Ethanol (E85) Versus Gasoline Vehicles on Cancer and Mortality in the United States” authored by Mark Z. Jacobson
Whitten, G.Z., Smog Reyes
April 18, 2007
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- Air Quality and Ethanol in Gasoline
Whitten, G.Z., Smog Reyes
February 4, 2004
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- Small-Volume Releases of Gasoline in the Vadose Zone: Impact of the Additives MTBE and Ethanol on Groundwater Quality
Dakhel, N., Pasteris, G., Werner, D., & Höhener, P., Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne
April 10, 2003
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Sustainability
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- Environmental and Socioeconomic Indicators for Measuring Outcomes of On-Farm Agricultural Production in the United States: Second Report (Version 2)
Field to Market: The Keystone Alliance for Sustainable Agriculture
December 2012
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- U.S. Billion-Ton Update: Biomass Supply for a Bioenergy and Bioproducts Industry
U.S. DOE-Oak Ridge National Laboratory
August 2011
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- Greenhouse gas mitigation by agricultural intensification
Burney, J.A., Davis, S.J., & Lobell, D.B., Stanford University and Carnegie Institution of Washington
May 4, 2010
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- Environmental Resource Indicators for Measuring Outcomes of On-Farm Agricultural Production in the United States: First Report
Field to Market: The Keystone Alliance for Sustainable Agriculture
January 2009
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- Increasing Crop Productivity to Meet Global Needs for Feed, Food, and Fuel
Edgerton, M.D., Monsanto Co.
January 2009
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Water Use
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- The Facts on Ethanol, Corn Production, and Hypoxia in the Gulf of Mexico
Renewable Fuels Association
July 7, 2010
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- Optimization of Energy and Water Consumption in Corn-based Ethanol Plants
Ahmetović, E., Martin, M., and Grossmann, I.E., Carnegie Mellon University
January 2010
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- Water Usage for Current and Future Ethanol Production
Aden, A., U.S. DOE-National Renewable Energy Laboratory
September/October 2007
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Renewable Fuel Standard
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- Commentary: Renewable Fuels Legislation Cuts Crude Prices
Verleger, P.K., Jr.
September 23, 2013
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- A Reality Check on API's "RFS Reality Gap" Report
Renewable Fuels Association
September 19, 2013
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- Price It and They Will Buy: How E85 Can Break the Blend Wall
Babcock, B.A., and S. Pouliot, Iowa State University-Center for Agricultural and Rural Development (CARD)
August 2013
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- Comments to House Energy & Commerce Committee on RFS White Paper Series, #5 - Implementation Issues
Renewable Fuels Association
July 26, 2013
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- Renewable Identification Numbers (Presentation to the Agricultural Advisory Committee, Commodity Futures Trading Commission)
Verleger, P.K., Jr., Peter G. Peterson Institute of International Economics & PKVerleger LLC
July 25, 2013
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- Comments to House Energy & Commerce Committee on RFS White Paper Series, #4 - Energy Policy
Renewable Fuels Association
June 21, 2013
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- Comments to House Energy & Commerce Committee on RFS White Paper Series, #3 - Greenhouse Gas Emissions & Other Environmental Impacts
Renewable Fuels Association
May 24, 2013
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- Comments to House Energy & Commerce Committee on RFS White Paper Series, #2 - Agricultural Sector Impacts
Renewable Fuels Association
April 29, 2013
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- Comments to House Energy & Commerce Committee on RFS White Paper Series, #1 - "Blend Wall"/Fuel Compatibility Issues
Renewable Fuels Association
April 5, 2013
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- Retail Gasoline Price Impact of Compliance with the Renewable Fuel Standard
Informa Economics (for Renewable Fuels Association)
March 25, 2013
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- Global economic effects of US biofuel policy and the potential contribution from advanced biofuels
Oladosu, G., et al., U.S. DOE-Oak Ridge National Laboratory
November 2012
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- Renewable Fuel Standard Waiver Options during the Drought of 2012
Thompson, W., et al., University of Missouri-Food and Agricultural Policy Research Institute (FAPRI)
October 2012
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- RIN Values: What Do They Tell Us about the Impact of Biofuel Mandates?
Meyer, S., UN-Food and Agriculture Organization, and Paulson, N., University of Illinois
September 6, 2012
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- Impact of Waiving the Renewable Fuel Standard on Total Net Feed Costs
Urbanchuk, J.M., Cardno ENTRIX
September 2012
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- Impacts of Waiving the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) on Household Spending on Food and Fuel
Renewable Fuels Association
August 28, 2012
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- Potential Impacts of a Partial Waiver of the Ethanol Blending Rules
Tyner, W.E., Taheripour, F., & Hurt, C., Purdue University
August 16, 2012
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- Ethanol Demand A Function Of Economics, Not RFS
Andrews, V., Allidina, H., Meier, B., & Drangula, T., Morgan Stanley Research
August 7, 2012
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- Ethanol - Does the RFS Matter?
Irwin, S., & Good, D., University of Illinois
August 2, 2012
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- Is the Ethanol Mandate Truly a Mandate? An Estimate of Banked RINs Stocks
Paulson, N., University of Illinois
March 15, 2012
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- Flexible-Fuel Vehicle and Refueling Infrastructure Requirements Associated with Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS2) Implementation
Air Improvement Resource, Inc. (for Renewable Fuels Association)
March 2011
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- A USDA Regional Roadmap to Meeting the Biofuels Goals of the Renewable Fuels Standard by 2022 (USDA Biofuels Strategic Production Report)
U.S. Department of Agriculture
June 23, 2010
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- Benefits of an Enhanced RFS2 in the Midwestern States
Air Improvement Resource, Inc. (for Renewable Fuels Association, et al.)
June 18, 2010
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- Review of EPA’s RFS2 Lifecycle Emissions Analysis for Corn Ethanol
Darlington, T.L., Heuss, J.M., & Kahlbaaum, D.F., Air Improvement Resource, Inc. (for Renewable Fuels Association)
September 22, 2009
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- Analysis of the Proposed Rulemaking for the Expansion of the U.S. Renewable Fuel Standard
Informa Economics (for Renewable Fuels Association, Illinois Corn Marketing Board, & National Corn Growers Association)
September 2009
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Ethanol & Food/Feed Market Impacts
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- Biofuels and Food Security: Risks and Opportunities
Hamelinck, C., ECOFYS Netherlands B.V. (for ePURE)
August 2013
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- Biofuels and food prices: Separating wheat from chaff
Tyner, W.E., Purdue University
July 2013
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- The Renewable Fuels Standard and Consumer Food Prices
Urbanchuk, J.M., ABF Economics (for Renewable Fuels Association)
June 7, 2013
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- U.S. Drought 2012: Farm and Food Impacts
USDA-Economic Research Service
May 6, 2013
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- Long-Term Drivers of Food Prices
Baffes, J., and Dennis, A., The World Bank
May 2013
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- Who's Fooling Whom? The Real Drivers Behind the 2010/11 Food Crisis in Sub-Saharan Africa (An Update)
Partners for Euro African Green Energy (Pangea)
April 2013
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- Myths and Facts about Bioenergy in Africa
Partners for Euro African Green Energy (Pangea)
March 2013
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- 4 Reasons Why Ethanol Doesn't Drive Corn Prices: A Tale of Two Forces
GROWMARK Research
January 4, 2013
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- Who's Fooling Whom? The Real Drivers Behind the 2010/11 Food Crisis in Sub-Saharan Africa
Partners for Euro African Green Energy (Pangea)
September 21, 2012
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- Updated Assessment of the Drought's Impacts on Crop Prices and Biofuel Production
Babcock, B.A., Iowa State University-Center for Agricultural and Rural Development (CARD)
August 2012
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- Preliminary Assessment of the Drought's Impacts on Crop Prices and Biofuel Production
Babcock, B., Iowa State University-Center for Agricultural and Rural Development (CARD)
July 2012
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- Speculation and the Commodity Markets
Urbanchuk, J.M., Cardno ENTRIX
October 2011
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- Analysis of Corn, Commodity, and Consumer Food Prices
Informa Economics (for Renewable Fuels Association)
July 7, 2011
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- Issue Report: What's Driving Food Prices in 2011?
Abbott, P.C., Hurt, C., & Tyner, W.E., Purdue University (for Farm Foundation, NFP)
July 2011
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- The Impact of US Biofuel Policies on Agricultural Price Levels and Volatility
Babcock, B.A., Iowa State University-Center for Agricultural and Rural Development (for International Centre for Trade and Sustainable Development)
June 2011
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- Why Have Food Commodity Prices Risen Again?
Trostle, R., Marti, D., Rosen, S., & Westcott, P., USDA-Economic Research Service
June 2011
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- Impact of biofuel production and other supply and demand factors on food price increases in 2008
Mueller, S.A., Anderson, J.E., & Wallington, T.J., Ford Motor Co.
May 2011
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- The Impact of Ethanol and Ethanol Subsidies on Corn Prices: Revisiting History
Babcock, B.A., & Fabiosa, J.F., Iowa State University-Center for Agricultural and Rural Development
April 2011
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- A Revised and Expanded Food Dollar Series: A Better Understanding of Our Food Costs
Canning, P., USDA-Economic Research Service
February 2011
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- Commodity Index Traders and the Boom/Bust Cycle in Commodities Prices
Frenk, D., & Turbeville, W., Better Markets, Inc.
January 2011
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- Placing the 2006/08 Commodity Price Boom into Perspective
Baffes, J., & Haniotis, T., The World Bank
July 2010
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- Annex 5: The role of demand for biofuel in the agricultural commodity price spikes of 2007/08
Pfuderer, S., Davies, G., & Mitchell, I., United Kingdom Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs (Defra)
March 2010
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- Speculation and Volatility Spillover in the Crude Oil and Agricultural Commodity Markets: A Bayesian Analysis
Du, X., Yu, C.L., & Hayes, D.J., University of Wisconsin at Madison & Iowa State University
May 2009
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- Why Aren't Food Companies Reducing Prices?
Renewable Fuels Association
November 20, 2008
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- Will the Plunge in Grain Prices Mean Lower Food Prices at the Supermarket?
Renewable Fuels Association
October 15, 2008
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- Feeding the Future: The Role of the U.S. Ethanol Industry in Food and Feed Production
Renewable Fuels Association
September 2008
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- Issue Report: What's Driving Food Prices?
Abbott, P.C., Hurt, C., & Tyner, W.E., Farm Foundation
July 2008
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- Responses to Questions From Senator Bingaman
U.S. Department of Energy & U.S. Department of Agriculture
June 11, 2008
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- Rising Food Prices and Global Food Needs: The U.S. Response (CRS Report for Congress)
Hanrahan, C.E., Congressional Research Service
May 8, 2008
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- The Effects of Ethanol on Texas Food & Feed
Anderson, D.P. et al., Texas A&M University
April 10, 2008
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- What is Driving Food Price Inflation?
Henderson, J., Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City
April 2008
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- Corn Prices Near Record High, But What About Food Costs?
Leibtag, E., USDA-Economic Research Service
February 2008
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- Analysis of Potential Causes of Consumer Food Price Inflation
Informa Economics (for Renewable Fuels Association)
November 2007
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- The Relative Impact of Corn and Energy Prices in the Grocery Aisle
Urbanchuk, J., LECG LLC
June 14, 2007
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- An Analysis of the Effects of an Expansion in Biofuel Demand on U.S. Agriculture
USDA-Economic Research Service & The Office of the Chief Economist
May 2007
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- Industrial Livestock Companies' Gains from Low Feed Prices, 1997-2005
Wise, T.A., & Starmer, E., Tufts University
February 26, 2007
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Ethanol & Petroleum Markets
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- Commentary: Renewable Fuels Legislation Cuts Crude Prices
Verleger, P.K., Jr.
September 23, 2013
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- The end of Peak Oil? Why this topic is still relevant despite recent denials
Chapman, I., University of Cumbria
June 5, 2013
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- Appendix: Refining Economics of Reducing Ethanol with Rising Ethanol Prices
U.S. Department of Energy
November 2012
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- Ethanol Keeps Gasoline Prices $1.09 Cheaper (Summary of "The Impact of Ethanol Production on U.S. and Regional Gasoline Markets: An Update to 2012" by Du & Hayes)
Renewable Fuels Association
August 2012
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- Response to "Ethanol Production and Gasoline Prices: A Spurious Correlation" by Knittel and Smith
Hayes, D.J., Iowa State University-Center for Agricultural and Rural Development (CARD)
August 2012
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- The Impact of Ethanol Production on U.S. and Regional Gasoline Markets: An Update to 2012
Du, X., and Hayes, D. J., Iowa State University-Center for Agricultural and Rural Development (CARD)
May 15, 2012
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- The Impact of Ethanol Production on the U.S. Gasoline Market
Marzoughi, H., and Kennedy, P.L., Louisiana State University AgCenter, Louisiana State University and A&M College
February 4, 2012
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- Speculation in the Oil Market
Juvenal, L., and Petrella, I., Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
February 2012
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- The Impact of Ethanol Production on US and Regional Gasoline Markets: An Update to May 2009
Du, X., and Hayes, D. J., Iowa State University-Center for Agricultural and Rural Development (CARD)
April 2011
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- Imported Oil and U.S. National Security
Crane, K., et al., RAND Corporation
April 2009
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- The Impact of Ethanol Blending on U.S. Gasoline Prices
McKinsey and Company, Inc. (for U.S. DOE-National Renewable Energy Laboratory)
November 2008
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- Responses to Questions From Senator Bingaman
U.S. Department of Energy & U.S. Department of Agriculture
June 11, 2008
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- Biofuels driving global oil supply growth
Blanch, F., et al., Merrill Lynch
June 6, 2008
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- The Impact of Ethanol Production on U.S. and Regional Gasoline Prices and on the Profitability of the U.S. Oil Refinery Industry
Du, X., and Hayes, D. J., Iowa State University-Center for Agricultural and Rural Development (CARD)
April 2008
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Energy Tax Policy
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- Inventory of Estimated Budgetary Support and Tax Expenditures for Fossil Fuels 2013
Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)
January 28, 2013
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- World Energy Outlook 2012 Factsheet: How will global energy markets evolve to 2035?
Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)
December 2012
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- What Would Jefferson Do? The Historical Role of Federal Subsidies in Shaping America's Energy Future
Pfund, N., and Healey, B., DBL Investors
September 2011
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- Putting Corporate Tax "Loopholes" in Perspective
Hodge, S.A., Tax Foundation
August 3, 2010
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- EIA Energy Subsidy Estimates: A Review of Assumptions and Omissions
Koplow, D., Earth Track, Inc.
March 2010
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- Petroleum Product Subsidies: Costly, Inequitable, and Rising
Coady, D., et al., International Monetary Fund
February 25, 2010
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- Analysis of Federal Expenditures for Energy Development
Management Information Services, Inc. (for The Nuclear Energy Institute)
September 2008
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- Big Oil, Bigger Giveaways: An analysis of $32.9 billion in tax breaks, subsidies and other handouts the oil & gas industry will receive by 2013
Friends of the Earth
July 2008
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- The Hidden Cost of Oil
Set America Free
January 2007
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- Subsidies in the US Energy Sector: Magnitude, Causes, and Options for Reform
Koplow, D., Earth Track, Inc.
January 2007
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- A Half Century of US Federal Government Energy Incentives: Value, Distribution, and Policy Implications
Bezdek, R.H., and Wendling, R.M., Management Information Services, Inc.
January 2007
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- Tax Expenditures Related to the Production and Consumption of Motor Fuels and Motor Vehicles: Report #18 in the series: The Annualized Social Cost of Motor-Vehicle Use in the United States, based on 1990-1991 Data
Delucchi, M.A., University of California at Davis, & and Murphy, J.J., University of Massachusetts
August 2006
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- America's Achilles Heel, The Hidden Costs of Imported Oil: A Strategy for Energy Independence
Copulos, M.R., The National Defense Council Foundation
October 2003
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- Petroleum and Ethanol Fuels: Tax Incentives and Related GAO Work
U.S. Government Accounting Office
September 25, 2000
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- An Analysis of Federal Incentives Used to Stimulate Energy Production
Cone, B.W., et al., Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratory (for U.S. Department of Energy)
February 1980
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- An Analysis of Federal Incentives Used to Stimulate Energy Production: Executive Summary
Cone, B.W., et al., Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratory (for U.S. Department of Energy)
December 1978
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- Public Laws of the United States of America from March 1913 to March 1915 (partial)
U.S. Congress
March 1913
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Mid-Level Blends, Octane & Fuel Properties
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- Investigating Malfunction Indicator Light Illumination Due to Increased Oxygenate Use in Gasoline
Sluder, C.S., West, B.H., and Knoll, K.E., U.S. DOE-Oak Ridge National Laboratory and U.S. DOE-National Renewable Energy Laboratory (for U.S. DOE-National Renewable Energy Laboratory)
November 15, 2012
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- Review to Determine the Benefits of Increasing Octane Number on Gasoline Engine Efficiency: Analysis and Recommendations - Tasks 2-5 (CRC Project No. CM-137-11-1b)
Coordinating Research Council, Inc.
September 2012
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- High octane number ethanol-gasoline blends: Quantifying the potential benefits in the United States
Anderson, J.E., et al., Ford Motor Co.
July 2012
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- Discussion Document - Effect of Ethanol Blending on Gasoline RVP
McCormick, R.L., U.S. DOE-National Renewable Energy Laboratory, & Yanowitz, J., Ecoengineering, Inc.
March 26, 2012
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- Intermediate Ethanol Blends Catalyst Durability Program
West, B.H., et al., U.S. DOE-Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U.S. DOE-National Renewable Energy Laboratory, and Battelle Memorial Institute (for U.S. DOE-Oak Ridge National Laboratory)
February 2012
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- Influence and Importance of Fuel Octane in Future Engine Developments
Kasab, J.J., Ricardo (for Renewable Fuels Association)
December 5, 2011
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- NMOG Emissions Characterizations and Estimation for Vehicles Using Ethanol-Blended Fuels
Sluder, C.S., and West, B.H., U.S. DOE-Oak Ridge National Laboratory
October 15, 2011
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- Effects of E15 Ethanol Blends on HC, CO, and NOx Regulated Emissions from On-Road 2001 and Later Model Year Motor Vehicles
Air Improvement Resource, Inc. (for Renewable Fuels Association)
July 15, 2011
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- Powertrain Component Inspection from Mid-Level Blends Vehicle Aging Study
Shoffner, B.A., Johnson, R.D., Heimrich, M.J., and Lochte, M.D., Southwest Research Institute (for U.S. DOE-Oak Ridge National Laboratory)
November 2010
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- Technical Assessment of the Feasibility of Introducing E15 Blended Fuel in U.S. Vehicle Fleet, 1994 to 2000 Model Years
Ricardo, Inc. (for Renewable Fuels Association)
September 10, 2010
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- Issue Brief - E12: A Pathway to Increased Ethanol Use Today
Renewable Fuels Association
November 6, 2009
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- Effects of Intermediate Ethanol Blends on Legacy Vehicles and Small Non-Road Engines, Report 1 - Updated
Knoll, K., et al., U.S. DOE-Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U.S. DOE-National Renewable Energy Laboratory, and Battelle Memorial Institute (for U.S. DOE-National Renewable Energy Laboratory)
February 2009
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- E20: The Feasibility of 20 Percent Ethanol Blends by Volume as a Motor Fuel - Executive Summary, Results of Materials Compatibility and Drivability Testing
State of Minnesota, The Minnesota Corn Growers, The Council of Great Lakes Governors, Minnesota State University at Mankato, University of Minnesota, & Renewable Fuels Association
March 5, 2008
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Ethanol Co-Products
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- Impacts of Ethanol Co-Products on 2011/12 Corn and Soybean Supplies and Acreage
Renewable Fuels Association
December 2012
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- Chapter 1: An outlook on world biofuel production and its implications for the animal feed industry (from Biofuel Co-products as Livestock Feed: Opportunities and Challenges)
Cooper, G., Renewable Fuels Association, & Weber, J.A., Marc-IV Consulting, Inc. (for UN Food & Agriculture Organization)
January 2012
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- Estimating the Substitution of Distillers' Grains for Corn and Soybean Meal in the U.S. Feed Complex
Hoffman, L.A., & Baker, A., USDA-Economic Research Service
October 2011
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- Fueling a Nation, Feeding the World: The Role of the U.S. Ethanol Industry in Food and Feed Production
Cooper, G., Renewable Fuels Association
May 2011
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- Market Issues and Prospects for U.S. Distillers' Grains
Hoffman, L., and Baker, A., USDA-Economic Research Service
December 2010
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- Using Distillers Grains in the U.S. and International Livestock and Poultry Industries
Babcock, B.A., Hayes, D.J., & Lawrence, J.D., Iowa State University-Midwest Agribusiness Trade Research and Information Center (MATRIC)
January 2008
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Ethanol & the Economy
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- Contribution of the Ethanol Industry to the Economy of the United States - Supplement: U.S. Ethanol Industry Total Jobs Supported by State
Urbanchuk, J.M., Cardno ENTRIX (for Renewable Fuels Association)
February 20, 2013
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- Contribution of the Ethanol Industry to the Economy of the United States [2012]
Urbanchuk, J.M., Cardno ENTRIX (for Renewable Fuels Association)
January 31, 2013
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- Global economic effects of US biofuel policy and the potential contribution from advanced biofuels
Oladosu, G., et al., U.S. DOE-Oak Ridge National Laboratory
November 2012
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- Contribution of the Ethanol Industry to the Economy of the United States [2011]
Urbanchuk, J.M., Cardno ENTRIX (for Renewable Fuels Association)
February 2, 2012
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- Contribution of the Ethanol Industry to the Economy of the United States [2010]
Urbanchuk, J.M., Cardno ENTRIX (for Renewable Fuels Association)
February 21, 2011
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- Contribution of the Ethanol Industry to the Economy of the United States [2009]
Urbanchuk, J.M., LECG LLC (for Renewable Fuels Association)
February 12, 2010
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- Contribution of the Ethanol Industry to the Economy of the United States [2008]
Urbanchuk, J.M., LECG LLC (for Renewable Fuels Association)
February 23, 2009
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- U.S. Economic Impact of Advanced Biofuels Production: Perspectives to 2030
Newcomb, J., Bio Economic Research Associates (bio-era)
February 2009
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- Contribution of the Ethanol Industry to the Economy of the United States [2007]
Urbanchuk, J.M., LECG LLC (for Renewable Fuels Association)
February 20, 2008
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